The resulting signals are said to be at an intermediate frequency (IF), which continues through the radio circuit. ![]() By adding and subtracting the two different signals, two new signals are produced: one at the frequency sum and the other at the frequency difference of the original two signals. The receiver mixes a signal from the built-in local oscillator (LO) with the incoming signals from the antenna. The radio is assumed to be a monaural unit switchable to either the AM or FM band.Ī superheterodyne radio converts incoming signal frequencies to a lower frequency via a frequency mixer. ![]() An arbitrary/function generator (AFG) serves as the test input signal source. In its examples, this 12-page application note uses a digital storage oscilloscope as the analysis tool. In "Arbitrary/Function Generator Offers Versatile and Convenient Solutions for AM/FM Radio Test and Alignment," Tektronix (Beaverton, OR) shows how these tools support FM radio measurements spanning 88 to 108 MHz. ![]() A thorough knowledge of signal generators and oscilloscopes also is needed. Testing, aligning, and troubleshooting a conventional amplitude-modulation (AM)/frequency-modulation (FM) radio requires a good grasp of DC and AC electronic basics and RF behavior.
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